Guides
73+ guides on SEPA, IBAN/BIC, fees, the Turkey process and troubleshooting — organised by topic. For calculation tools, see the Tools page.
SEPA basics
What SEPA is, how it works and how it differs from SWIFT.
Fees and cost
Whether SEPA is really free, what the exchange-rate margin is, hidden costs.
- Is SEPA free?
- SEPA transfer fee
- SEPA fees
- What is a bank exchange-rate margin?
- SEPA currency conversion
- SEPA is free but why is money missing?
- Do I need to open a euro account?
- Wise or a bank?
- Revolut or a bank?
- A bank or an EMI (e-money)?
- A euro account or a TRY account?
- OUR/SHA/BEN vs SLEV (charge sharing)
Turkey and SEPA
Turkey's SEPA participation process, the current status and fees.
Turkey–Europe transfers (corridors)
Euro sending/receiving scenarios and their real costs.
- Sending euros from Germany to Turkey
- Sending euros from Turkey to Germany
- Receiving euros from abroad in Turkey
- Receiving a salary from abroad
- Receiving freelance euro payments
- Receiving marketplace/platform euro payments
- Sending money to a student in Europe
- Real estate euro payment
- Sending money to a euro account in Turkey
- Sending euros from a local currency account
IBAN, BIC and BLZ
Code structures, validation and finding a bank.
Process and troubleshooting
How to make a transfer, how long it takes and common problems.
- How to make a SEPA transfer
- How long does a SEPA transfer take?
- My SEPA transfer hasn't arrived
- SEPA transfer pending
- SEPA transfer returned
- How to reverse a wrong SEPA transfer
- Payee name – IBAN mismatch
- Is a BIC required for SEPA?
- Is the recipient address required for SEPA?
- What is the SEPA operation date?
- SEPA member but the bank doesn't support it
- Why did my bank send it as SWIFT?
- Are there deductions on incoming SEPA transfers?
- SEPA R-transactions (reject/return/recall/refund)
- Correspondent bank chain
- TR IBAN rejected, what to do?
Technical schemes and ISO 20022
SCT, SDD, VoP schemes and pain/camt message formats.